ASTM standard E131-02, Standard Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy, ASTM International (2003).

Ball, D. W., 2001. The Basics of Spectroscopy, SPIE Press (Bellingham, Washington).

Born, M., and E. Wolf, 1980. Principles of Optics, Pergamon Press (Oxford, England).

Clark, B. J., T. Frost and M. A. Russell, 1993. UV Spectroscopy: Techniques, instru-mentation, data handling, Chapman and Hall (London, England).

Ederer, D. L., ed., 1998. Selected Papers on VUV Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation - Beam Line and Instrument Development, SPIE Milestone Series vol. MS 152, SPIE (Bellingham, Washington).

Harris, D. A. and C. L. Bashford, eds., 1987. Spectrophotometry and Spectrofluorimetry, IRL Press (Oxford, England).

Harrison, G. R., 1973. "The diffraction grating - an opinionated appraisal," Appl. Opt. 12, 2039-2049.

Hunter, W. R., 1985. "Diffraction Gratings and Mountings for the Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectral Region," Spectrometric Techniques, vol. IV., 63-180 (1985). This article provides a very thorough and detailed review of the use and manufacture of diffraction gratings.

Hutley, M. C., 1976. "Interference (holographic) diffraction gratings," J. Phys. E9, 513-520 (1976). This article offers more detail on holographic gratings, and compares them with ruled gratings.

Hutley, M. C., 1982. Diffraction Gratings, Academic Press (New York, New York). This book provides a complete and thorough tour of diffraction gratings, their manu-facture and their application.

James, R. F. and R. S. Sternberg, 1969. The Design of Optical Spectrometers, Chapman and Hall (London, England).

Loewen. E. G., 1970. "Diffraction Gratings for Spectroscopy," J. Physics E3, 953-961.

Loewen. E. G., M. Nevière and D. Maystre, 1977. "Grating Efficiency Theory as it Applies to Blazed and Holographic Gratings," Appl. Optics 16, 2711-2721 (1977).

Loewen, E. G., 1983. "Diffraction Gratings, Ruled and Holographic," in Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, vol. IX (chapter 2), R. Shannon, ed., Academic Press (New York, New York). This chapter describes developments in grating efficiency theory as well as those in concave grating aberration reduction.

Loewen, E. G. and E. Popov, 1997. Diffraction Gratings and Applications, Marcel Dekker (New York, New York).

Maystre, D., ed., 1993. Selected Papers on Diffraction Gratings, SPIE Milestone Series vol. MS 83, SPIE (Bellingham, Washington).

Meltzer, R. J., 1969. "Spectrographs and Monochromators," in Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, vol. V (chapter 3), R. Shannon, ed., Academic Press (New York, New York).

Petit, R., ed., 1980. Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings, Springer-Verlag (New York, New York); volume 22 in "Topics in Current Physics" series.

Richardson, D., 1969. "Diffraction Gratings", in Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, vol. V (chapter 2), R. Kingslake, ed., Academic Press (New York, New York).

Samson, J. A. R., 1967. Techniques of Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, John Wiley & Sons (New York, New York).

Schroeder, D. J., 1987. Astronomical Optics, Academic Press (San Diego, California). Chapters 12 through 15 serve as an excellent introduction to gratings and their instruments, with application toward stellar spectrometry. Chapters 2 through 5 form a clear and quite complete introduction to the ideas of geometrical optics used to design lens, mirror, and grating systems.

Skoog, D. A., F. J. Holler and T. A. Nieman, 1998. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, fifth edition, Brooks/Cole. The sections on atomic and molecular spectroscopy serve as excellent introductions to the subject.

Stover, J. C., 1990. Optical Scattering, McGraw-Hill, Inc. (New York, New York).

Stroke, G. W. 1967. "Diffraction Gratings," in Handbook of Physics 29, S. Flugge, ed. (Springer, Berlin).

Strong, J., 1960. "The Johns Hopkins University and diffraction gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 50, 1148-1152.

Williard, H. H., et al., 1988. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, seventh edition, Wads-worth. (Belmont, California). The chapters on absorption and emission spectroscopy, and ultraviolet and visible spectroscopic instrumentation, are of particular interest.